Blog

Backward Thinking

On 28 May, 2012 By With 741 Comments

Put your thinking cap on, relax, have a glass of wine, or a beer, and follow my thoughts for a bit. Where are we going? Trust in the lyrics of the cartoon song sung by Bugs Bunny, “You never know where you’re going till you get there.” (Borrowed by Warner Brothers from the 1946 musical film “Cinderella Jones.”) At Mo’s behest, I’ve broken this piece into several sections to keep matters from getting too remote in logical connection. That’s for your benefit. I’m crazy and it all makes sense to me.

Part I – Some thoughts on Big: Bangs, Numbers, Spending and Deal

The problem with law, science, politics, religion and pretty much every human endeavor of any intellectual import is that each and every of them are conceived of, developed and administered by humans, who are, in a word, human! Whether we were divinely created, or merely the highest level to which pond scum has thus far evolved, we humans always have been, and apparently will continue to be, for the foreseeable future, imperfect beings, in a panoply of ways. In the impressively vast universe we inhabit, and all reported UFO sightings and alien abductions put aside for the moment,1 humans are presently the only provable creatures that can actually ponder all of what’s out there, discuss it, examine it, draw inferences from the results and argue about what it means.2 If, as some have postulated, we are all merely electronic impulses in some giant matrix, the rest of what I have to say is utterly irrelevant. Let’s be optimistic and assume we are really here.

If so, my interest is in examining how our very “humanness” affects (as you may see, infects might be the more apt term) everything we touch, intellectually. We live in an age where, thanks to the internet, cell phones, twitter and cable television, we are continuously bombarded with information. My problem with this is that much of what is being communicated is dressed up to look and sound like fact, when, on closer inspection, is merely opinion, often without any means of proving whether it is a majority or minority one, or otherwise flawed to any extent. As a practicing trial lawyer, I am sensitive to the distinction between fact and opinion, as the former is evidence and admissible if, relevant3 material4 and otherwise legally competent.5 On the other hand, opinions are generally not admissible in evidence at trial, unless there is a recognized exception to its exclusion. An expert, properly qualified as such to the trial judge, may offer opinion evidence, upon setting a proper foundation. Admissible lay opinion evidence is rarer, and usually confined to opinions rationally based on the witnesses perception, such as a litigant’s reputation or character.

We are not encumbered by the rules of evidence in our daily discourses, yet the practice of being sentinent to discerning whether we are on the receiving (or sending) end of a fact or opinion, I find efficacious to maintaining an orderly mind and a degree of sanity. In case you missed it, that was an opinion. My goal in the ensuing paragraphs is to look at some law, science, politics and other intellectual endeavors, and point out where some elegantly dressed up opinion is being treated as fact, in the hope of conveying the need for better discernment in our thinking. Prepare yourself for some surprises. I’ll start with some scientific notions, specifically in cosmology, the academic discipline that seeks to understand the origin, evolution, structure and ultimate fate of the Universe.

Humans have gazed upon and wondered about the stars since long before recorded history. It is, well, human, to ponder where we came from, why we’re here and where we might be headed after this life, if anywhere — all notions loaded with mountains of opinion and precious little in the way of actual fact. Bear in mind, what passes for “fact” in science, and all other human intellectual endeavors, should be just that, and often isn’t. It was not that long ago when the “fact” was that the Earth was flat, and if one sailed too close to the edge, would fall off. We will get to the notion (alleged fact) of the sun and rest of the universe revolving around the Earth a bit later, just bear in mind that “fact” was equally wrong. To be worthy of the designation as a “fact” a scientific assertion must be capable of observation and reproduced with unerringly the same result when repeated. Notably, in describing insanity, Einstein expressed  it as akin to taking a scientifically established fact, repeating the process that produced it, and expecting a different result. I find Einstein’s rationale apt, and accordingly believe it thrusts the onus on us to make sure what we are talking about is a genuine fact, lest we appear to be insane.

The contemporary, majority, cosmological view is that we humans, the earth we live on, our solar system, our galaxy and all the rest of what’s “out there,” what we generally collectively refer to as the “Universe,” allegedly emanated from something that went “boom,” some 12 to 14 billion years ago. As you will see, I chose my words very carefully in constructing the previous sentence. For starters, I used the term “allegedly” advisedly, because no one ever actually witnessed the “Big Bang6” as it is called — it is a theory, (read opinion) based on the confluence of several of our earthling observations of the cosmos; and, without going into the math, has several “technical” problems that keeps it from being a proven fact.7 I used the term “contemporary” because the notion of an expanding universe, resultant from a Big Bang, is less than a century old. Lastly, I used the term “majority” because the theory competes with other scientific and non-scientific notions (opinions) that run the gamut from instantaneous creationism, to, a panoply of other possible universes, that include, inter alia, steady state, plasma, oscillating and multiple universes, all of which too are theories, as no one yet has complete proof of anything.

Although the notion of an expanding universe, inclusive of an early “inflationary” period, was actually modeled and published in 1917 by Willem de Sitter, as an offshoot of Einstein’s 1916 announcement of his theory of general relativity, the key empirical observation in support of the Big Bang was first made in 1929 by astronomer Edwin Hubble, that the galaxies in our universe are moving away from each other, in all directions, at proportionally greater velocities as their distance from us increases. Until Hubble, it was more or less generally accepted that the “universe” was always out there, at least from whenever God or the gods, take your pick, decided to put it up on the board (and for true non-believers, was just always out there) and was composed only of what we call our own galaxy, the Milky Way. Hubble’s observations were the first empirical proof that the Milky Way was but one of billions of other galaxies, too remote from ours to be part of the same structure. Hubble’s reward for his find was having a very cool telescope named after him that has been shooting back exquisite pictures of the universe since its launch in 1990. He also has a constant, law and sequence named after him.

The Big Bang picked up further support in 1964, in serendipitous fashion, when the horn antenna being used by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson of Bell Laboratories detected what is now called the cosmic microwave background radiation. They initially thought it was static, caused by bird poop on the antenna, but after a number of good scrubbings, and other fine tuning, which failed to abate the static, they learned that a group of theorists at Princeton had predicted such microwave background radiation to be there, as an after-effect of the Big Bang. Penzias and Wilson were rewarded with a Nobel Prize in 1978 for their efforts.

Turned backwards in time, Hubble’s observation of an expanding universe suggests mightily that if you go back far enough, it (the universe) all crunched down into an infinitesimally small point, a “singularity” in cosmological parlance, because the laws of physics, as we purport to know them presently, no longer apply to something that dense. Having grown up in the ‘50’s and ‘60’s, when numbers were a lot smaller, I am open mouthed impressed by some of the notions that jump into my head when reflecting on this alleged phenomenon. Get ready for the wormhole, I am about to digress.

First we have to talk a bit about numbers. As regards my assertion that numbers were “smaller” in the ‘50’s and ‘60’s I am simply noting that, relatively speaking, it meant something different back then to be a “millionaire” than it does today. Today, you can be a millionaire by owning a home, car and a decent 401(k) plan — back then, you could have an estate on the North Shore of Long Island, a Fifth Avenue townhouse, live-in servants in both, a chauffeured limousine and enough money in the bank to keep you and several generations of your progeny living in a lifetime of comfort with a million dollars. Today, to be noticed, financially, you have to be a billionaire. I note that the term billion refers to different quantities in American and British parlance. Here in the States, a billion refers to a thousand million, which is a one followed by nine zeros if written out. The Brits call that “a thousand million” and call a billion what we call a trillion, a one followed by twelve zeros if written out. Most of us don’t have a billion dollars, and none of us, as yet, has a trillion. Regardless of whether you use American or British vernacular, presently, we seem to toss around words like billion and trillion as if we actually comprehend the magnitude of such numbers, which I tend to doubt we actually do.

I’m not dissing anybody by saying so, but simply pointing out the sheer magnitude of these numbers is perhaps bigger than what you might think. Some examples may show you what I mean. How much is a million? Well, a million seconds ago was 12 days back — you could probably remember what you did that far back. What were you doing a million minutes ago? That was only 1 year, 329 days, 10 hours and 40 minutes ago, and you can’t remember what you were doing with any degree of precision, can you? Most of us would love to live a million hours, as it would give us a little over 114 years to wander about on this planet. I think most of us can comprehend, in our mind’s eye, a million of something, whether it’s measured in dollars, units of time or marbles (which would fill five boxcars.)

So then, how much is a billion? A billion seconds is a little over 31 years. A billion minutes ago was just after the time of Jesus Christ. A billion hours ago our ancestors were living in the Stone Age. But, a billion dollars ago was only 8 hours and 20 minutes, at the rate our elected officials in Washington spent it, pre-Obama — based on current political dialogue, it may be less presently, go figure. I hasten to note these assertions are all “facts” as they can be verified at a reputable source.

How much is a trillion? A trillion seconds is 31,688 years. See the progression in seconds? 12 days (million) 31 years (billion) 31 millennia (trillion). Let’s do dollars. If you were a millionaire, and your wealth was in the form of nice, crisp, previously unused, $1,000 bills, it would make a stack of a mere 4 inches in height. If, instead, you were a billionaire, your stack would be an impressive 358 feet in height. But if you were a trillionaire, your stack would be 67.9 miles in height, and you would need a space suit to look down from the top of it!

In basic units, our government has managed to become indebted for more money than the age of the universe in years by a factor of 1000 — the National Debt sat at $13 trillion, on June 1, 2010 according to the Treasury Department, versus the mere, average estimate of 13 billion years of age — and did so in only 191 years (if you start counting from the adoption of the Articles of Confederation in 1791) or, if it makes you feel better, in only 224 years (if you start counting from the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776.) You do the math. If a trillion seconds is 31,688 years, and we paid back the National Debt at the rate of $1 per second, without interest, how long would it take to pay it all back? That’s right — only 411,944 years! At a payback rate of one thousand dollars a second, it would still take more than twice as long to pay it back as it took to run it up. For those of you out there with an eye for detail, there’s roughly $58.95 trillion of unfunded debt for future medicare, medicaid and social security payments to be made, pre-Obama Care, which the Treasury Department doesn’t count in determining the National Debt, but I digress.

Oddly enough, this diatribe is not about money or politics, I just used some money examples to give you some perspective on really large numbers, because when you talk about the universe, it’s all about incredibly large numbers, and the only human institution that presently can deal with numbers of that magnitude is apparently the Congress of the United States, which is unsettling to me. Why? Because the salary of a rank and file member of the U.S. Congress is a whopping $174,000 per year, but in the 2010 elections, the 30 incumbent Senators up for re-election raised an average of $11.244 million in campaign funds. Why would you raise 100 times the annual salary for a six year seat? There must be some perks we’re not hearing about —oops, I digressed again.

We are talking about the universe. Let’s give it some non-political, numerological perspective. Planet Earth is the third planet in our solar system, which, since the degradation of Pluto to a dwarf planet, contains seven others, two inside our orbit about the Sun — Venus and Mercury — and five outside, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune and Uranus. Our Earth has a diameter of roughly 7,926 miles, measured at the equator — measured through the poles, it is slightly less, roughly 7,901 miles, rendering it slightly bulged about the middle, as I am, but let’s not quibble. The diameter of our Sun is roughly 856,000 miles, and, yes, that means it is roughly 109 times as large as the Earth. But that’s just diameter, measured along just one dimension. If you were to compare volume, which takes into account all three physical dimensions, you could fit roughly 1.3 million Earths into the Sun and still have some leg room. Want to talk about mass? The Sun accounts for 99.8% of all the mass in our solar system. In brief, our beloved Earth is a mere bedbug on an elephant when compared to the Sun, but it’s home.

Now let’s talk distance. The Earth is roughly 93 million miles from the Sun. To put that into perspective, if you were to drive there, from here, in a straight line, at 60 miles an hour, it would take you roughly 177 years to get there, if you could afford the gas. Light travels at the rate of roughly 186,282 miles a second, in a vacuum, so it still takes more than 8 minutes for the light from the Sun to hit the Earth. Moving our way to the edge of solar system, Mars is roughly 141 million miles from the Sun, and it takes over twelve and a half minutes for the light from the Sun to hit Mars. Jupiter is roughly 483 million miles from the Sun, and it takes over 43 minutes for the light from the Sun to hit Jupiter. Saturn? Roughly 886 million miles distant and 1 hour and 19 minutes for light to get there. Uranus? Roughly 1,782 million miles distant (that’s 1.782 billion) and 2.66 hours for light to get there. Neptune? Roughly 2,794 million miles distant and 4.17 hours for light to get there. Pluto may have been downgraded in planetary status, but I like it. Roughly 3,666 million miles distant and 5.47 hours for light to get there.

We are still in our own solar system, and have only just begun to get to big numbers. Our Sun is a star. The next closest star to our Sun is Proxima Centauri, a mere 4.3 light years away. A light year? How big is that in miles? Multiply 186,282 miles a second by 60 seconds in a minute, then by 60 minutes in an hour, then by 24 hours in a day, then by 365 days in a year — which works out to be roughly 5,874 trillion miles, which is a number too big for most scientific brains to imagine, so they use the term 4.3 light years instead. We could say it was 5.874 quadrillion miles away, but what have we gained? Not a lot. But that is our closest neighboring star, which makes me feel a little isolated. But are we? Not if you count numbers, not distances.

Our Sun and Proxima Centauri are but two stars in a larger conglomeration of stars which are bound together by gravity to form our galaxy, which is called the Milky Way, not because it resembles a candy bar, but because when viewed through our telescopes, (or more accurately, when gazed upon by ancient Greeks, sans telescopes) it appears as a hazy white band stretching across the celestial sphere. The Milky Way is estimated, by those who purport to be able to calculate these things, to have between 200 billion and 400 billion stars in it. We can’t count them all by sight, because it would take too long, and because we can’t see them all, due to dust and conglomerations of gasses that obstruct our view of the galaxy. The Milky Way is not a giant amongst galaxies either. The next closest galaxy to ours is the Andromeda Galaxy, which is estimated to contain one trillion stars — but I am getting ahead of myself.

The Milky Way is estimated to be 100,000 light years across its stellar disc. We could do that in miles, but what is the point? Does saying it is 587 quintillion miles across give you a better perspective on its size? I doubt it. We are still in our own galaxy and made to feel somewhat minuscule, no? If our Earth were a bedbug on an elephant in comparison to our Sun, what is it in comparison to 200 billion or 400 billion other suns? A mere cell in the bedbug, no?

Our neighboring galaxy, Andromeda is a mere 2.5 million light years from Earth. We are far from alone, galactically speaking. Those who purport to know, estimate there are more than 170 billion galaxies in the observable universe, each galaxy containing between 10 million (dwarf galaxies) to over 100 trillion (giant galaxies) individual stars. I suppose if you get bored, you could put those numbers into a calculator or on a spreadsheet and put a number on how much that might work out to be, but what would it mean? That we are now an atom in the cell of the bedbug on the elephant? Sounds too large to me, if that is possible. Maybe we are now an electron in an atom on the bedbug on the elephant. That’s better! For what it’s worth, someone pounded out the numbers. Based on the foregoing estimates, the number of stars in the observable universe is roughly 70 sextillion (that’s a 7 followed by 22 zeroes.)

That term I used, “observable universe,” has a meaning too. Thanks to Albert Einstein, and his theories on relativity, the observable universe may be smaller than the actual universe. What? Do the math. If, as Albert postulated, nothing can go faster than the speed of light, and it travels a cool 186,282 miles a second in the mostly vacuum that is space, and if you multiply out that the universe is roughly 13 billion years old, the most we can observe presently is light that traveled that amount of time in our direction at that speed. But who said that was the edge of the universe? There could be more universe farther out, the light from which couldn’t hit us because there hasn’t been enough time for it to get to us. Nobody can say definitively one way or another, because nobody can actually see the actual edge of the universe, only the edge of the observable universe. We might be older than we think, as a universe, and bigger too, but we can’t really comprehend what we’ve already got — so why worry?

In May of 2011, the Hubble telescope photographed what is alleged to be the oldest galaxy in the observable universe, calculated to be 13.2 billion light years away. This time I did the math, and it works out to be roughly 7.74 sextillion miles away from Earth, in that direction. If, as the scientists say, there is universe in the exact opposite direction, we live in an incredibly immense place.

Immense though it be, one would think, given the magnitude of the number of stars in general, and in our galaxy in particular, even of intelligent life is a relatively rare occurrence, we should have seen or heard from someone else by now. But, unless they do have some alien carcasses in Roswell, we are still 0 for Big Bang to present. Probabilistically speaking, that makes no sense. Surely in a universe that contains 70 sextillion suns, at least one of them must be orbited by a planet with intelligent life on it comparable to ours; and, likely an older one, whose denizens figured out space travel and came for a visit — or at least invented radio and television and began broadcasting re-runs of the local equivalent of I Love Lucy. Could we possibly be it? That notion is called Fermi’s Paradox, as he (inventor of the atomic bomb) was credited with asking, Where is everyone?”, as part of a conversation with some of his colleagues at Los Alimos National Laboratory in 1950. Part of me believes that all seemingly intelligent life forms, sooner or later invent radio, television; and, unfortunately, texting and the alien equivalents of twitter and facebook, and their societies crumble before they can evolve further. I digress, but we’ll see.

I will stop here and note now that in Part II, the Big Bang will take us to a discussion on faith, the American Revolution and Constitutional construction — they’re all intellectually related, but for now, you’ll have to trust me.

 

1. In conformity with one of the major premises of this diatribe, until we have a photo op with a being from a different world, or a radio or television signal from an alien civilization, proof of actual extraterrestrial life is presently lacking, rendering their existence opinion.

2. No diss intended on any other creatures of Earth, which may or may not have language, cognitive powers or reason. None of the other creatures have written or otherwise published any of their thoughts, so their ability to do so is presently an opinion.

3. Relevance refers to the propensity of the proffered evidence to prove or disprove one or more of the legal elements of a case. In a trial about whether an assault took pace in the defendant’s home, the offer of proof that it was raining that night, while a fact, would be irrelevant to whether the assault took place or was legally justified.

4. Materiality refers to the proffered evidence being sufficiently significant as to an issue in dispute that it logically would be considered by the trier of fact in reaching a decision. In the same assault trial, the offer of proof that the defendant was late on his mortgage payments, while also a fact, and possibly relevant to the issue of the defendant’s ownership of the premises where the assault was alleged to have taken place, would nevertheless not be material to whether the assault took place or was legally justified (unless the victim of the assault was there to collect the mortgage payment —in the law, everything is relative to the precise situation.)

5. Otherwise relevant and material evidence may nevertheless be excluded at trial because of some other legal impediment to its admission. Classic among the exclusionary rules of evidence are privileges (such as attorney-client, doctor-patient, husband-wife and priest-penitent) which, unless waived by the party who is entitled to the privilege, will keep otherwise competent evidence out. To return to the assault trial one last time, even if the defendant confessed to his wife that he did assault the victim, she cannot be compelled to testify to that admission in the face of an objection based on the husband-wife privilege.

6. This being, in part, a study of humanness, notably, the term Big Bang is attributed to one of its non-believers, Fred Hoyle, an English astronomer and mathematician, who first used the term in a 1949 radio broadcast. Although Fred denied having used the term in a pejorative sense, he was, and remained, until his death in 2001, a proponent of the competing “steady state” cosmological model.

7. There are innumerable web-sites that contain one or more reasonably articulate refutations of one or more elements of the Big Bang theory. I found a collection of 30 such “problems”.

, , , , , , , , ,

This Post Has 741 Comments

  3. Ted Thomte says:
    June 11, 2012 at 5:24 pm - Reply

    Hi Richard,

    Alex Brooks shared your excellent web site with me.

    You would serve your readers well were you to explain the difference between scientific theory and theory as the word is used in ordinary conversation. The scientific theory is a term of rigor, well beyond a mear opinion.

    Aside from that minor quibble, I think it is very good.

    Congratultions

    • il Padrone says:
      June 11, 2012 at 5:39 pm - Reply

      Ted, so nice to hear from you and be remembered. Your point is apt and I’ll do my best to clarify in a future post, but will note here in my world, not all that passes as “scientific theory” of late has, in my opinion, been subjected to the “rigors” that used to set such notions apart from mere lay opinion…and, frankly, I am a believer in soliciting better (read, any) “rigors” in lay opinion. But that’s the curmudgeon in me.

  6. Felecia Chrispin says:
    August 14, 2012 at 2:12 am - Reply

    Hello Web Admin, I noticed that your On-Page SEO is is missing a few factors, for one you do not use all three H tags in your post, also I notice that you are not using bold or italics properly in your SEO optimization. On-Page SEO means more now than ever since the new Google update: Panda. No longer are backlinks and simply pinging or sending out a RSS feed the key to getting Google PageRank or Alexa Rankings, You now NEED On-Page SEO. So what is good On-Page SEO?First your keyword must appear in the title.Then it must appear in the URL.You have to optimize your keyword and make sure that it has a nice keyword density of 3-5% in your article with relevant LSI (Latent Semantic Indexing). Then you should spread all H1,H2,H3 tags in your article.Your Keyword should appear in your first paragraph and in the last sentence of the page. You should have relevant usage of Bold and italics of your keyword.There should be one internal link to a page on your blog and you should have one image with an alt tag that has your keyword….wait there’s even more Now what if i told you there was a simple WordPress plugin that does all the On-Page SEO, and automatically for you? That’s right AUTOMATICALLY, just watch this 4minute video for more information at. WordPress Seo Plugin

  7. Jospeh Midthun says:
    September 9, 2012 at 12:59 am - Reply

    I just want to say I’m new to blogs and really liked this blog site. Most likely I’m going to bookmark your site . You really have beneficial article content. Kudos for sharing with us your web-site.

    • il Padrone says:
      September 13, 2012 at 11:10 pm - Reply

      I will check with tech support, as I don’t know my Rss from my Ass. I do know if you enter your e-mail in the space provided on the right hand side of the blog,where it says “suedoctor@aol.com” you’ll get a notice of new posts. Thanks for your interest. Best regards, Il Padrone

    • il Padrone says:
      September 13, 2012 at 11:03 pm - Reply

      Different strokes for different folks. Sorry to disappoint; but, tell the truth, are you an ex-wife, ex-client or incorrigible Obamanite? If so, that would explain everything, to me anyway. Keep reading me anyway. I’m an acquired taste, like fine Scotch whiskey. It starts out like Iodine, but gets better with repetition. Best regards, Il Padrone

  13. arbonne products says:
    September 13, 2012 at 8:10 pm - Reply

    I tried looking at your website in my ipod touch and the format does not seem to be correct. Might want to check it out on WAP as well as it seems most smartphone layouts are not really working with your website.

    • il Padrone says:
      September 14, 2012 at 1:39 am - Reply

      Pictures mostly blue and white; text black & white. Any intervening darkness is either due to the devil Himself or my ex-wife – your call. Thanks for the interest, best regards, Il Padrone.

  16. jewelry says:
    September 14, 2012 at 2:35 am - Reply

    I was wondering if you ever thought of changing the page layout of your web site? It is well written; I love what youve got to say. But maybe you can create a little more in the way of written content so people could connect to it better. Youve got a great deal of text for only having one or two images. Maybe you can space it out better?

    • il Padrone says:
      September 15, 2012 at 6:46 am - Reply

      The honest answer is I don’t know. My answer is I have an aversion to phones that don’t have a hard line connected to them and somehow this web-page has picked up on it. Frankly, I like to think I’m too deep to be read while my readers are tooling about in a car or needing their gray matter elsewhere. Read me on-line. I’ll wait. Thanks for your interest. Il Padrone

  21. Coralee Sherard says:
    September 14, 2012 at 4:25 pm - Reply

    I would like to thnkx for the efforts you’ve put in writing this blog. I am hoping the same high-grade site post from you in the upcoming also. Actually your creative writing skills has encouraged me to get my own site now. Actually the blogging is spreading its wings rapidly. Your write up is a good example of it.

    • il Padrone says:
      September 15, 2012 at 6:40 am - Reply

      Thanks for the kind words. The best outlet for pent up passion is a blog. Start one. Get a fish tank too. Not every day is inspirational, but the fish are calming. Good Luck! Il Padrone

    • il Padrone says:
      September 15, 2012 at 6:37 am - Reply

      I’ve checked my head. There’s just hair and a few moles or warts. The problem must be on the inside, and I’m not inclined to open it. There’s no such thing as an unthinkable thought. Disagree if you must, but do read and disagree. That’s what makes the world go round. Il Padrone

  24. buy lorazepan says:
    September 15, 2012 at 12:55 am - Reply

    Hi. I honestly enjoyed reading through your blog post!. High-quality article. I would undoubtedly recommend you to submit blogposts much more often. In this way, having such type of a useful site I believe that you will rank better in the search engines 🙂 . I also subscribed for your Rss. Continue this excellent work!

  29. Credeur Functional Medicine says:
    September 16, 2012 at 3:57 pm - Reply

    Pretty section of content. I just stumbled upon your weblog and in accession capital to assert that I acquire in fact enjoyed account your blog posts. Anyway I will be subscribing to your augment and even I achievement you access consistently quickly.

  31. check this out says:
    September 17, 2012 at 6:07 am - Reply

    Do you might have a spam problem on this internet site; I also am a blogger, and I was questioning your scenario; we now have created some nice techniques and we are looking to swap options with other individuals, be positive to fire me an e-mail if interested.

  33. arbonne cosmetics says:
    September 17, 2012 at 12:47 pm - Reply

    Hey, I just hopped over to your web-site thru StumbleUpon. Not somthing I might usually browse, but I enjoyed your thoughts none the less. Thank you for making some thing worthy of reading through.

  49. roomplus says:
    September 22, 2012 at 3:26 pm - Reply

    I’m really enjoying the design and layout of your website. It’s a very easy on the eyes which makes it much more pleasant for me to come here and visit more often. Did you hire out a designer to create your theme? Great work!

  59. online backup free says:
    September 25, 2012 at 5:35 pm - Reply

    you’re really a good webmaster. The website loading speed is incredible. It seems that you’re doing any unique trick. Moreover, The contents are masterpiece. you have done a fantastic job on this topic!

  74. darmowy antywirus says:
    September 27, 2012 at 7:06 am - Reply

    Hiya. Vastly trivial web site!! Guy .. Exquisite .. Superb .. I will bookmark your web situate and take the feeds additionally…I am jovial to locate thus much cooperative information here in the article. Recognition for sharing…

  78. skype says:
    September 27, 2012 at 7:20 pm - Reply

    Hiya. Vastly cool trap site!! Guy .. Excellent .. Amazing .. I will bookmark your blog and engage the feeds additionally…I’m pleased to attain thus much effective info here inside the send. Gratitude for sharing.

  79. hot dates says:
    September 27, 2012 at 8:18 pm - Reply

    I really wanted to type a quick note to be able to say thanks to you for all of the awesome recommendations you are posting on this website. My considerable internet look up has at the end of the day been compensated with awesome knowledge to talk about with my company. I ‘d repeat that most of us readers actually are rather lucky to dwell in a fabulous community with so many awesome professionals with interesting strategies. I feel very much fortunate to have seen your entire web site and look forward to some more pleasurable moments reading here. Thanks again for everything.

  81. website says:
    September 28, 2012 at 3:32 am - Reply

    Wow, wonderful blog structure! How lengthy have you been blogging for? you made running a blog glance easy. The total glance of your website is excellent, as smartly as the content!

  82. adobe reader says:
    September 28, 2012 at 5:05 am - Reply

    Dude.. I am not a good deal interested in reading, nevertheless somehow I got to read tons of articles on your blog. Its amazing how worthy of note it is for me to visit you same often.

  84. Lines For Chat says:
    September 28, 2012 at 5:50 am - Reply

    Are you formulating just about all your current content and articles? If you do, you have a really great writing method. I felt enthusiastic about your title “Backward Thinking | Piazza Pazzo”. Browsing your posts provided me bliss and enthusiasm. I’m trying to learn from different niche sites so as to boost my own blog. Thanks alot : ) Michael Cilfone

  95. skype says:
    September 29, 2012 at 6:01 pm - Reply

    Hello. Very trivial muddle site!! Man .. Outstanding .. Fantastic .. I’ll bookmark your website and engage the feeds additionally…I’m cheerful to attain frequent beneficial facts here contained by the post. Merit for sharing..

  97. house says:
    September 29, 2012 at 9:14 pm - Reply

    We absolutely love your blog and find a lot of your post’s to be precisely what I’m looking for. can you offer guest writers to write content in your case? I wouldn’t mind writing a post or elaborating on most of the subjects you write regarding here. Again, awesome website!

  104. check says:
    October 1, 2012 at 12:08 am - Reply

    Thanks a bunch for sharing this with all of us you really know what you are talking about! Bookmarked. Please additionally discuss with my site =). We can have a hyperlink alternate arrangement among us!

  117. Frukost says:
    October 2, 2012 at 10:33 pm - Reply

    Thanks for sharing excellent informations. Your website is so cool. I am impressed by the details that you’ve on this blog. It reveals how nicely you understand this subject. Bookmarked this website page, will come back for more articles. You, my pal, ROCK! I found simply the information I already searched all over the place and just could not come across. What a perfect web site.

  120. ultime power profits says:
    October 3, 2012 at 9:47 am - Reply

    Thanks for another wonderful article. Where else could anybody get that kind of information in such an ideal way of writing? I have a presentation next week, and I’m on the look for such information.

  131. Black Porn says:
    October 5, 2012 at 2:21 pm - Reply

    Hiya, I am really glad I have found this info. Today bloggers publish just about gossips and internet and this is actually frustrating. A good website with exciting content, that is what I need. Thank you for keeping this web-site, I will be visiting it. Do you do newsletters? Cant find it.

  132. Black Porn says:
    October 6, 2012 at 2:40 am - Reply

    I do consider all the ideas you have offered for your post. They are really convincing and will definitely work. Nonetheless, the posts are very short for starters. Could you please extend them a little from next time? Thank you for the post.

  133. Going Here says:
    October 6, 2012 at 4:45 am - Reply

    What’s Attractive site i’m new to this, I stumbled upon this I have naked It extremely practical and it has helped me absent tons. I am hoping to create a contribution & aid supplementary users like its helped me. Abundant job.

  135. noclegi says:
    October 6, 2012 at 3:10 pm - Reply

    It¡¦s really a nice and useful piece of info. I¡¦m glad that you simply shared this useful information with us. Please stay us up to date like this. Thank you for sharing.

  144. Black Porn says:
    October 7, 2012 at 6:46 am - Reply

    Wow! This could be one particular of the most helpful blogs We have ever arrive across on this subject. Actually Magnificent. I’m also an expert in this topic so I can understand your effort.

  148. Black Porn says:
    October 7, 2012 at 12:24 pm - Reply

    It¡¦s really a nice and useful piece of info. I am satisfied that you just shared this useful info with us. Please stay us informed like this. Thanks for sharing.

  155. article says:
    October 7, 2012 at 10:16 pm - Reply

    Hey there, I just hopped over to your web page thru StumbleUpon. Not somthing I might generally browse, but I appreciated your thoughts none the less. Thanks for creating something worthy of reading through.

  164. Nelly Slupe says:
    October 8, 2012 at 10:56 am - Reply

    After examine a couple of of the blog posts in your website now, and I actually like your means of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark web site list and will likely be checking back soon. Pls try my website online as nicely and let me know what you think.

  208. skype download says:
    October 11, 2012 at 12:48 pm - Reply

    Whats in the lead. Self-same cool blog!! Man .. Magnificent .. Magnificent .. I’ll bookmark your site and obtain the feeds additionally…I’m happy to find many effective info here surrounded by the send. Gratitude for sharing…

  215. Wyatt Adachi says:
    October 11, 2012 at 10:00 pm - Reply

    Woah! I’m really enjoying the template/theme of this site. It’s simple, yet effective. A lot of times it’s very hard to get that “perfect balance” between superb usability and visual appearance. I must say you’ve done a awesome job with this. Additionally, the blog loads very fast for me on Internet explorer. Excellent Blog!

  218. skype download says:
    October 12, 2012 at 3:22 am - Reply

    Whats awake. Very cool site!! Man .. Exquisite .. Amazing .. I’ll bookmark your blog and engage the feeds additionally…I’m joyful to find several of use communication right now in the article. Gratitude for sharing..

  309. sensitivi says:
    October 20, 2012 at 7:33 pm - Reply

    Heya, I just hopped over to your webpage through StumbleUpon. Not somthing I might generally browse, but I liked your thoughts none the less. Thanks for making some thing worthy of reading.

  328. pki says:
    October 22, 2012 at 2:15 am - Reply

    Hi, I just hopped over to your webpage using StumbleUpon. Not somthing I might generally browse, but I appreciated your thoughts none the less. Thank you for creating some thing worthy of browsing.

  355. Camden says:
    October 23, 2012 at 8:33 pm - Reply

    Hi. I definitely enjoyed reading your blog post!. Professional information. I might recommend you to come up with posts even more frequently. Using this method, having such type of a valuable blog I believe you may rank better in the search engines 🙂 . I also subscribed for your RSS feed. Carry on this excellent work!

  362. uk dating sites says:
    October 24, 2012 at 5:34 am - Reply

    After study a couple of of the blog posts in your web site now, and I really like your means of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark website list and will probably be checking back soon. Pls take a look at my web site as nicely and let me know what you think.

  368. filmy animowane disneya says:
    October 25, 2012 at 8:01 pm - Reply

    Hey There. I found your blog using msn. This is an extremely well written article. I’ll be sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful information. Thanks for the post. I will definitely return.

  385. jt foxx organization says:
    December 2, 2012 at 7:12 am - Reply

    Do you mind if I quote a couple of your articles as long as I provide credit and sources back to your blog?
    My blog site is in the very same area of interest as yours and my users would genuinely benefit from a lot of the information you present here.
    Please let me know if this alright with you.
    Thank you!

  386. Try This Out says:
    December 4, 2012 at 3:00 am - Reply

    Hey very cool web site!! Guy .. Excellent .. Superb .. I’ll bookmark your blog and take the feeds also?I’m happy to find so many helpful info right here within the submit, we need develop more techniques in this regard, thank you for sharing. . . . . .

  395. that guy says:
    December 16, 2012 at 4:48 am - Reply

    I like the beneficial details you offer on your article content.I will bookmark your blog website and take a look at once again below often.I’m fairly absolutely sure I’ll gain knowledge of a great deal of recent things best suited right here! Great luck for your future!

  397. why not try here says:
    December 21, 2012 at 11:45 pm - Reply

    I much like the worthwhile info you provide in the articles or blog posts.I will bookmark your web log and check once more here usually.I am quite certainly I’ll realize loads of recent stuff perfect below! Great luck for the following!

  399. Eugenia Bonato says:
    January 10, 2013 at 3:26 am - Reply

    I simply wanted to write a quick note to express gratitude to you for the unique information you are sharing here. My incredibly long internet search has now been rewarded with useful facts and techniques to share with my visitors. I ‘d admit that we site visitors are rather endowed to live in a fabulous site with very many wonderful individuals with valuable opinions. I feel truly grateful to have discovered the web page and look forward to really more brilliant times reading here. Thanks once more for a lot of things.

  400. click this says:
    January 18, 2013 at 11:56 pm - Reply

    I like the useful facts you deliver into your articles or blog posts.I will bookmark your blog and investigate once more right here continually.I am pretty absolutely sure I’ll discover a whole lot of new stuff precise below! Excellent luck for that following!

  401. reverse phone lookup 800 numbers says:
    January 30, 2013 at 8:43 pm - Reply

    This is the right weblog for anybody who desires to obtain out about this topic.
    You realize a ton it’s almost challenging to argue with you (not that I really would want…HaHa). You positively put an additional spin on a subject thats been written about for years. Great stuff, merely great!

  404. Marisela Spray says:
    February 3, 2013 at 11:04 am - Reply

    Right here is the right blog for anybody who really wants to understand this topic. You know so much its almost hard to argue with you (not that I really would want to…HaHa). You certainly put a brand new spin on a subject that’s been written about for many years. Wonderful stuff, just great!

  405. Sign Spinner Companies says:
    February 3, 2013 at 6:06 pm - Reply

    I like the treasured info you supply inside your content pieces.I’ll bookmark your blog website and examine once more the following frequently.I’m particularly positive I’ll study plenty of new things appropriate listed here! Beneficial luck for your subsequent!

  406. abacus math says:
    February 4, 2013 at 6:07 am - Reply

    We are a bunch of volunteers and opening a brand new scheme in our community.
    Your website provided us with useful information to work
    on. You’ve done a formidable process and our whole group will be grateful to you.

  407. Visit Your URL says:
    February 5, 2013 at 1:13 am - Reply

    I just like the priceless data you produce inside your content pieces.I will bookmark your blog page and verify all over again the following repeatedly.I am rather definitely sure I will realize quite a bit of latest stuff suitable here! Superior luck for that future!

  408. filmy online says:
    February 5, 2013 at 8:02 pm - Reply

    Your blog is outrageous! I mean, Ive never been so entertained by anything in my life! Your vids are perfect for this. I mean, how did you manage to find something that matches your style of writing so well? Im really happy I started reading this today. Youve got a follower in me for sure!

  409. Ranee says:
    February 10, 2013 at 3:56 pm - Reply

    Wow, marvelous weblog format! How lengthy have you been running a blog for? you make running a blog look easy. The total look of your site is magnificent, let alone the content!

  410. Lou Tashima says:
    February 21, 2013 at 1:44 am - Reply

    A lot of thanks for all your labor on this web site. Ellie really likes setting aside time for investigations and it’s simple to grasp why. We learn all relating to the dynamic means you create practical guidance through your website and as well as inspire response from some other people on this situation while my daughter is undoubtedly being taught so much. Enjoy the remaining portion of the year. You are doing a stunning job.

  411. Cathrine says:
    February 22, 2013 at 3:21 am - Reply

    Great – I should indeed declare I’m impressed with your website. I had no discord navigating through every tabs as anyway as correlated in rank. The locate finished awake living being rightly relaxed to access. Polite job..

  413. find sales says:
    February 22, 2013 at 7:17 am - Reply

    I similar to the precious info you produce in your content articles.I’ll bookmark your blog page and take a look at all over again below usually.I’m very certain I’ll understand loads of recent things proper right here! High-quality luck for the next!

  418. weight loss diet plans says:
    March 9, 2013 at 8:15 pm - Reply

    It’s a pity you don’t have a donate button! I’d most certainly donate to this outstanding blog! I suppose for now i’ll settle for book-marking and adding your RSS feed to my Google account. I look forward to brand new updates and will share this site with my Facebook group. Chat soon!

  423. Gaylord Cridge says:
    March 26, 2013 at 12:03 am - Reply

    Right here is the right webpage for anybody who wants to understand this topic. You realize so much its almost tough to argue with you (not that I personally will need to…HaHa). You certainly put a fresh spin on a topic that’s been discussed for years. Great stuff, just great!

  425. Mary Walks says:
    March 26, 2013 at 1:15 pm - Reply

    Undeniably believe that which you stated. Your favorite reason appeared to be on the net the easiest thing to be aware of. I say to you, I certainly get irked while people consider worries that they plainly do not know about. You managed to hit the nail upon the top and defined out the whole thing without having side-effects , people could take a signal. Will likely be back to get more. Thanks

  428. Reta Lespier says:
    March 31, 2013 at 7:54 am - Reply

    I’ll immediately grab your rss as I can not find your email subscription link or e-newsletter service. Do you have any? Kindly let me know so that I could subscribe. Thanks.

  430. Merlin says:
    April 8, 2013 at 10:18 am - Reply

    This is really interesting, You are an excessively skilled blogger. I have joined your rss feed and sit up for in quest of extra of your great post. Also, I have shared your web site in my social networks!

  431. Petsch says:
    April 11, 2013 at 9:54 am - Reply

    Hey very cool site!! Man .. Beautiful .. Amazing .. I’ll bookmark your site and take the feeds also…I’m happy to find numerous useful information here in the post, we need work out more strategies in this regard, thanks for sharing. . . . . .

  439. Wilmer Postemski says:
    May 3, 2013 at 8:35 am - Reply

    I believe that is among the most significant info for me. And i’m happy studying your article. However wanna observation on few common issues, The site taste is wonderful, the articles is actually nice : D. Just right activity, cheers

  442. Breanne says:
    May 6, 2013 at 4:11 pm - Reply

    I genuinely enjoy examining on this web site , it has got excellent content . “He who sees the truth, let him proclaim it, without asking who is for it or who is against it.” by Henry George.

  449. Michael Kors says:
    May 20, 2013 at 11:16 am - Reply

    It’s a shame you don’t have a donate button! I’d without a doubt donate to this outstanding blog! I guess for now i’ll settle
    for bookmarking and adding your RSS feed to my Google account.

    I look forward to new updates and will share this blog with
    my Facebook group. Talk soon!

  450. Cary Darty says:
    May 21, 2013 at 2:52 pm - Reply

    Simply to follow up on the up-date of this subject matter on your blog and would wish to let you know just how much I treasured the time you took to put together this beneficial post. In the post, you actually spoke on how to actually handle this concern with all ease. It would be my own pleasure to get together some more tips from your web site and come as much as offer other folks what I discovered from you. I appreciate your usual fantastic effort.

  452. how to win the lottery says:
    May 22, 2013 at 3:51 pm - Reply

    Hello I am so thrilled I found your blog, I really found you by error, while I was looking on Google for something else, Anyhow I am here now and would just like to say thanks a lot for a tremendous post and a all round interesting blog (I also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to go through it all at the minute but I have saved it and also added your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to read a great deal more, Please do keep up the awesome job.

  454. Lance Thulin says:
    May 25, 2013 at 8:13 pm - Reply

    Fantastic items from you, man. I have consider your stuff prior to and you are just extremely excellent. I actually like what you’ve obtained here, really like what you’re saying and the way in which through which you are saying it. You make it enjoyable and you continue to care for to stay it sensible. I can’t wait to read much more from you. That is really a terrific web site.

  456. Tapetowanie says:
    May 30, 2013 at 7:10 pm - Reply

    Pretty nice post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to say that I’ve really enjoyed browsing your blog posts. In any case I’ll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you write again very soon!

  461. Matthew C. Kriner says:
    June 6, 2013 at 7:47 pm - Reply

    Zune and iPod: Most people compare the Zune to the Touch, but after seeing how slim and surprisingly small and light it is, I consider it to be a rather unique hybrid that combines qualities of both the Touch and the Nano. It’s very colorful and lovely OLED screen is slightly smaller than the touch screen, but the player itself feels quite a bit smaller and lighter. It weighs about 2/3 as much, and is noticeably smaller in width and height, while being just a hair thicker.

  462. Dorris Gertsch says:
    June 7, 2013 at 4:18 am - Reply

    Pretty section of content. I just stumbled upon your site and in accession capital to assert that I acquire in fact enjoyed account your blog posts. Anyway I’ll be subscribing to your feeds and even I achievement you access consistently rapidly.

  463. Carlee Dezenzo says:
    June 9, 2013 at 6:13 am - Reply

    Wow, wonderful blog layout! How long have you been blogging for? you make blogging look easy. The overall look of your website is wonderful, let alone the content!. Thanks For Your article about Backward Thinking | Piazza Pazzo .

  464. Damon Timson says:
    June 9, 2013 at 10:50 pm - Reply

    I have not checked in here for a while as I thought it was getting boring, but the last several posts are great quality so I guess I’ll add you back to my daily bloglist. You deserve it my friend 🙂

  466. Louie Fiecke says:
    June 13, 2013 at 6:38 pm - Reply

    I have learn some excellent stuff here. Definitely price bookmarking for revisiting. I surprise how much effort you set to make one of these excellent informative web site.

  470. Hughart says:
    June 24, 2013 at 9:29 am - Reply

    you’re really a excellent webmaster. The website loading speed is incredible. It seems that you are doing any distinctive trick. In addition, The contents are masterpiece. you have performed a fantastic process on this subject!

  474. private tutor says:
    June 25, 2013 at 9:22 am - Reply

    Heya i am for the first time here. I came across this board and I find It truly useful & it helped me out a lot.
    I hope to give something back and help others like
    you helped me.

  479. find out this here says:
    June 28, 2013 at 7:50 pm - Reply

    I’m impressed, I have to admit. Rarely do I come across a blog that’s both equally educative and interesting, and without a doubt, you have hit the nail on the head. The issue is something which not enough men and women are speaking intelligently about. I am very happy I came across this during my hunt for something relating to this.

  485. find says:
    July 4, 2013 at 5:37 am - Reply

    Hi, I do think this is a great blog. I stumbledupon it 😉 I will return once again since I bookmarked it. Money and freedom is the best way to change, may you be rich and continue to help other people.

  487. Cravens says:
    July 6, 2013 at 3:01 am - Reply

    I just couldn’t depart your web site before suggesting that I extremely enjoyed the standard info a person provide for your visitors? Is gonna be back often to check up on new posts

  491. Lynwood Rujawitz says:
    July 8, 2013 at 7:10 am - Reply

    Someone essentially assist to make critically articles I’d state. That is the first time I frequented your website page and to this point? I surprised with the analysis you made to create this actual put up incredible. Great process!

  494. Lionel Haggans says:
    July 11, 2013 at 10:55 pm - Reply

    This website is really a walk-through for the entire data you wished about this and didn’t know who to ask. Glimpse here, and also you’ll definitely uncover it.

  495. Lesley Coykendall says:
    July 12, 2013 at 3:48 am - Reply

    Wonderful work! This is the type of information that should be shared around the net. Shame on Google for not positioning this post higher! Come on over and visit my website . Thanks =)

  497. sex dating says:
    July 18, 2013 at 10:44 am - Reply

    Hello you have a great blog over here! Thanks for sharing this interesting stuff for us! If you keep up the great work I’ll visit your weblog again. Thanks!

  498. Delois says:
    July 19, 2013 at 3:19 am - Reply

    Hi my friend! I want to say that this post is amazing, nice written and include approximately all important infos. I’d like to look extra posts like this.

  500. Tide Laundry Detergent says:
    July 20, 2013 at 3:29 pm - Reply

    An impressive share! I’ve just forwarded this onto a co-worker who has been conducting a little research on this. And he actually bought me breakfast simply because I stumbled upon it for him… lol. So allow me to reword this…. Thanks for the meal!! But yeah, thanx for spending the time to talk about this topic here on your website.

  502. Get the facts says:
    July 24, 2013 at 11:14 am - Reply

    Hello! I’m at work surfing around your blog from my new iphone! Just wanted to say I love reading your blog and look forward to all your posts! Keep up the superb work!

  505. identity theft says:
    July 29, 2013 at 1:43 pm - Reply

    You made some really good points there. I checked on the internet to find out more about the issue and found most individuals will go along with your views on this web site.

  507. Kecia Hargis says:
    July 30, 2013 at 11:33 am - Reply

    Nice read, I just passed this onto a colleague who was doing some research on that. And he just bought me lunch as I found it for him smile Thus let me rephrase that: Thank you for lunch!

  508. Antonia Ultsch says:
    July 31, 2013 at 12:45 am - Reply

    I’m truly enjoying the design and layout of your blog. It’s a very easy on the eyes which makes it much more pleasant for me to come here and visit more often. Did you hire out a designer to create your theme? Fantastic work!

  509. Elza Mosher says:
    July 31, 2013 at 2:35 pm - Reply

    Attractive section of content. I just stumbled upon your site and in accession capital to assert that I get in fact enjoyed account your blog posts. Any way I will be subscribing to your augment and even I achievement you access consistently fast.

  515. Tide Detergent says:
    August 8, 2013 at 10:30 am - Reply

    Nice blog! Is your theme custom made or did you download it
    from somewhere? A design like yours with a few
    simple tweeks would really make my blog shine.
    Please let me know where you got your design. Thank you

  516. Fotele says:
    August 8, 2013 at 11:41 pm - Reply

    Wow! This can be one particular of the most beneficial blogs We’ve ever arrive across on this subject. Basically Great. I am also an expert in this topic therefore I can understand your effort.